Self-harm among young people is a growing concern for health professionals, educators, and families across the country. While some warning signs are visible, others often go unnoticed by those closest to the individual. Experts say it’s time for communities to pay closer attention to the subtle indicators that a young person may be struggling.
“Those around these young people might not see it right away, but there are signs that a young one is harming themselves,” warns Linsey Lunny, CEO of Hidden Strength, a youth mental health advocate. “It can look like wearing long sleeves even in the heat, sudden withdrawal from friends, or unexplained injuries. We need to stop assuming ‘they’re just being dramatic’ and start asking, ‘Are you okay?’ Because sometimes, asking that one question can save a life.”
Self-harm, also known as non-suicidal self-injury, includes behaviors like cutting, burning, or hitting oneself. It is not always a suicide attempt, but rather a coping mechanism for emotional pain, stress, or trauma. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), rates of self-harm have risen among teens over the past decade, particularly among girls aged 12 to 17.
Mental health professionals say the reasons behind self-injury vary, but many young people report feeling overwhelmed by intense emotions, anxiety, or depression. In some cases, self-harm is a way to feel a sense of control or to release emotional pressure.
For many adolescents, self-harm becomes a physical outlet for internal pain they feel unable to express in words. Some describe it as a temporary relief from emotional numbness or mental anguish, a way to “feel something” when emotions are otherwise shut down. Others may use self-injury as a form of punishment when they struggle with low self-esteem or guilt. While these behaviors may offer short-term relief, they often reinforce negative thought patterns and can lead to a cycle of secrecy and shame, which further isolates the individual from potential sources of help.
It’s a complex issue. What we’re seeing is that many teens don’t know how to talk about what they’re feeling. Oftentimes, they’re not seeking attention. They’re trying to cope with something they can’t express.
One challenge in addressing the problem is the stigma surrounding mental health. Many young people fear being judged or misunderstood if they speak up about what they’re experiencing. As a result, they may hide the evidence of their self-harm, making it harder for adults to recognize what’s going on.
Parents, teachers, and peers all have a role to play in creating an environment where young people feel safe talking about their mental health. Experts recommend looking for changes in behavior, such as social withdrawal, changes in sleeping or eating habits, irritability, or a sudden drop in school performance. Any of these changes can be a red flag and indicate self harm. The key, however, is to approach the individual with empathy rather than judgement and accusation.
Conversations about self-harm should be handled with care. Experts emphasize the importance of staying calm, listening without judgment, and encouraging professional help. Even if a young person denies self-harming, opening the door to communication can lay the foundation for future support.
School districts around the country are beginning to take steps to better address the mental health needs of students. Some are hiring more counselors, offering mental health days, and incorporating wellness education into the curriculum.
In addition, national and local organizations are providing training for adults on how to spot signs of distress in youth and how to respond effectively. These efforts aim to reduce the number of teens who feel they have to suffer in silence.
Social media can play a dual role in this issue. On one hand, it can expose young people to harmful content or peer pressure. On the other hand, it can also be a platform for spreading awareness and connecting users to resources.
There are risks online, but there’s also an opportunity to reach young people where they are. These platforms can encourage healthy coping skills and to show young people that they are not alone.
If someone suspects a young person is self-harming, the first step is to offer support without judgment. Professionals advise against punishment or shaming, which can increase feelings of isolation and drive the behavior underground.
Instead, experts and professionals recommend expressing concern, listening actively, and helping the young person find access to a counselor, therapist, or trusted adult. Early intervention can make a significant difference in recovery and long-term well-being.
Raising awareness about self-harm and reducing the stigma surrounding mental health challenges are essential steps in protecting young lives. As Lunny explains, a simple act of kindness or a caring question can sometimes make all the difference.
